Spring water not so pure

Date: Sun 5-April-1998
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Publication: Sunday Sun
Byline: Terry Ally

FOR years NOW Barbadians and visitors have believed in the virtues of the water found in springs all over Barbados.

They travelled several miles, daily or weekly, to bathe in the cold "sweet, pure" waters of springs from St. Lucy to St. Philip. They believed that it was healthier than chlorinated water which had been linked to certain types of cancer in some parts of the world. But recent scientific findings have put a lie to that belief. The Ministry of Health and the Environment had been testing water monthly for six years and had been seeing growing pollution levels at Porey Spring, Bath, Pot House, Tree Houses, and White Hill.

At the same time, Dr. Sangy Anderson had been treating men, women, and children for a range of illnesses, including headaches, stomach pains, vomiting, diarrhoea, sores on the testicles, and parasite worms. By a process of elimination, his medical questionnaires pointed to the springs - the same springs which the Ministry had been separately sampling.

André Miller of the Coastal Zone Management Unit which is one of the departments in the Ministry of Health and the Environment dealing with the matter said that they traced the pollution to activities upstream.

Springs are close to the surface and bacteria will reach spring water quicker and easier than underground water. For example, when sampling started in Whitehill, St. Joseph there were a few coliforms of faecal bacteria found in the spring but as suck wells were dug upstream, the count increased ten times and now exceed the acceptable limit.

Illegal dumping is also a problem. People may feel smart that they dump garbage in the bush where it bothers no one but as the garbage rots, it creates leachate, which is a liquid substance that may be concentrated with toxins and harmful bacteria, that easily seeps into spring water. The users then unknowingly gulp down thousands of bacteria with every mouthful of "cool, clear, pure" spring water.

Not everyone becomes ill, though. Agatha Greenidge, 91, and Ronald Thompson, 29, told the Sun they used the Porey Spring all their lives and to the best of their knowledge, never became ill from the water, and they may be hundreds like them. But there are also at least 500 other people who became so ill they needed medical treatment.

Miller said that the ministry's first line of control was not in banning use of the spring but reducing the pollution. Porey Spring, at which a pilot project will be launched tomorrow night, is steeped in history.

A reservoir was built by the Quakers and bequeathed to the public when they left the island. Historian Charles Shomberg recorded that "the water is excellent, and there have been several projects formed for conveying it by an aqueduct to Bridgetown."

He also noted that: "Porey Spring is famed for its fruit-trees, chiefly of the orange species, which are considered superior to any other in the island."

Seeing is still believing but in this case, it is difficult to see the bacteria, making it necessary for a sensible approach to spring water use.

See also: Spring sickness