One busy hurricane season

Publication: Daily Nation / Extra
Paper Section And Page: 14
Paper Date: Wed, Nov 29, 2000
Byline: by Terry Ally


EVEN THOUGH this year’s hurricane season did not seem as active as expected, it was, in fact, one of the busiest on record with some strange twists. The season, which ends tomorrow, produced 14 storms, eight hurricanes, and three intense hurricanes which did not create major headline news because they did not make landfall as strong cyclones. Three made landfall as weak but rain-laden tropical waves in Central American and Florida.

“We consider our Atlantic basin seasonal forecast for 2000 to have been a success,” said Professor Bill Gray, whose forecasting team predicted 11 storms, seven hurricanes, and three major hurricanes.

The forecast was also measured by the lifespan of systems and this also showed an above average year. For example, he predicted 60 named storm days and there were 66; he forecast 30 hurricane days and there were 32; six intense hurricane days were expected and
there were five. Though the numbers were not identical, Gray said the results indicated that the Atlantic Basin had entered a new era of increased hurricane activity. The cycle, which started in 1995, was expected to run for about 30 years. But he cautioned climate change theorists not to jump on the band wagon and use this cyclical activity as evidence of their global warming theory.

“There is no scientifically reasonable way that such an interpretation of this recent upward shift can be made,” said Gray. “Anthropogenic greenhouse gas warming, even if a physically valid hypothesis, is a very slow and gradual process that, at best, might only be expected to bring about small changes in global circulation over periods of 50 to 100 years and could not cause the abrupt and dramatic upturn in hurricane activity as occurred between 1994 and 1995.”

Gray argues that the climate change theorists would have to explain the downturn in hurricane activity between 1970 and 1994 when major hurricane activity was down by 40 per cent compared to the 20 years before then and the five years after. In addition, while activity in the Atlantic Basin increased, cyclonic activity in the east and west North Pacific Ocean declined.

The period 1995 to 2000 are the six most active consecutive years recorded since 1886 with 79 storms, 49 hurricanes, and 23 major hurricanes. Hurricane Alberto was enigmatic. He became the longest-lived August storm on record and in the 19 days as a tropical storms, was the third longest-lasting storm on record for any month. In addition, Alberto maintained his tropical characteristics in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean which was unusual, said Gray.

The Colorado State University professor cited special characteristics with this season which ends tomorrow. Among them:

• An exceptional outbreak of tropical cyclone activity in September. Six formed during a 19-day period;
• No hurricane made landfall on the United States;
• No storms formed during June, July, or November;
• Seven storms formed in September making this only the fifth time so many systems formed in a single month;
• There was quite an enhancing high latitude hurricane activity in the central Atlantic, with six systems forming at high latitudes;
• Several storms which formed off the African coast and travelled westward did not develop into hurricanes which was not typical. Those weakening and dying at low latitudes were Chris, Debbie, Ernesto, and Joyce which apparently was due to a persistent strong Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT);
• Unusual strong influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation which acts in a seesaw manner to enhance and then suppress cyclone formation on a monthly cycle. This could be seen with the clustering of cyclones. For example, four storms formed in a seven day period in August, six formed in  a 19-day period in September and two within a three-day period in October. Gray’s prediction for 2001 is expected in a few weeks.